Machine for lining the backs of books



Sept. 29, 1942; J. s. CARLSON 2,296,905

MACHINE FOR LINING THE BACKS OF BOOKS Filed April 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l lhwelitor John S. Carlson attorney Ni} ne s5 Herbert 6. Covey Sept. 29, 1942.

J. 5. CARLSON 2,296,906 MACHINE FOR LINING THE BACKS OF BOOKS Filed April 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 O 27:, a 43 93 T': i- 3a .,f 7 36 h o.

g o I 0 4,2 0 W 45 I 41 25 4'4 T v ,2 as

Snventpr attorney Herlger-i E.Cove g Sept. 29, 1942.

J. 5. CARLSON 2,296,906

MACHINE FOR LINING THE BACKS OF BOOKS Her- B21 3. Covey Filed April 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 v 3nventor John S.Ccu-lson 6Q? v (Ittomeg Patented Sept. 29, 1942 lMAQHINE FOB LINING THE BACKS OF BOOKS John S. Carlson, Norwood, Mass, assignor half to The Colonial Press, Inc., Clinton,

of one- Mass,

a corporation of Massachusetts Airl ner? Apr 4, 1941, Se al N 38 4 3 Claims.

mach e. i i es rari e ar i a bled and stitched hi i z m pn R1 5 P the backs of books and more machine in which the assem signatures are passed success vely fromstation to station and strips of cloth and pape r are glued on'their backs for the purpose of attachini; the covers meets.

A standardmachine in use for lining the back of a book prior to placingthe cover the'reonis hQW in t U- 3- P t n iq hiam a Clark No. l 32{i,5() 6 of September 22; l9 31l Thameschine is so constructed and arrangedthat the assembled and stitched b ook'sig'nature s,herein termed a book, are held in spring pressed clamps on an endless chain carrier and aretransported intermittently from station to'station wherethe various tops of applying glue, cloth, paper and head bands are carried'onin acoordi'riatedsequence. Each of these'books is'he l'd with its back exposed downwardly for the application of adhesive thereto, after which a strip or crash or other suitablecloth is applied tothe adhesive. A secondstrip of cloth may be similarly applied on top of the first. Thereafter further adhesive is applied to' the exposed crash strip'and a strip of paper back lining, which may"ha've' head bands applied thereto, is glued to the backofthe book." The bookisthen transported to'further stations where 'rollers'rub the back lining into position; and ultimately this partially completed book is delivered to a' conveyor at'the exit end of 'the machine. This machine is capable of applying two strips of crashand' one strip of v. l i.

' It; however, is frequently necessary to apply a second strip of 'paper'to the 'book'back, and for this purpose the" book, 'after'remov'al from the lining'machine, has to be handled manually for the application of glue and a paper'strip; together with thenec'essary steps required for forcing the paper into position. It, in 'particular; is' necessary that all of the back linings be applied to the book before the glue has set and while it is in a green stage. These manual operations have been laborious and slow and have involved a considerable eiipense at'that stage of the book manufacture." Moreover; any attempt at rebuilding the inachine'to add another series of stations for'applying this strip of paper would materially lengthen the machine and greatly increase its cost because of the several operations required for thi's'purpose. These operations'include not only the application of the glue and'the paper butalso the provision of in tervals of'time during which the previously applied adhesive maypartijally set before the next lining may be applied and before the lining may be rolledor pressed intowposition. This rolling step involves the use of se'veralrollers which act successively. Of these, one is wet with water so as to applyalittle moisture to the back lining after which a dry roll is'r'u'n over theback "to complete the pressing partition; if two? paper strips were ap plied in'this'irianner'; abonsiderabie time interval would have to be provided between these two lining ste s to "allow the moisture to dry and h'eaahesw to set partially. It, therefore, has not been cohsiderd'feasible to duplicate the paperlirfiiig operatiohin thistype r rma r mg l h .4 l

i The primary object of this invention is to overoome such difiicullties arid'to provide a maohineofthetype showniin's'aid patent in which two or morestrip's' of' paper liningmay be appiied tothe back oftlie partially completed book.

A further ob jectisto'apply a plurality of paper stripsito thejbook back at'afsingle station 'of the ma hi e ii further object isto glue together two or more strips of papen'withbFwithout head bands, and tohapplvafstrip of "the'assembled parts to the back of a booki at a'sirme station so that the book 'par'ts maybe theii'subj'ected to a' single series of pressing operations for securing the assembled' strips' -in' ipiac. "Further objects will be apparerit in Tthefo'll'owing'disclosure.

Inaccordaiice ifiith' myihvention, I have prov id'edfa rich linemechanism which may be eriiployed incooperation"with the primary or mainline mechanism of aback lining machine of the type shown in 's'aidpatent and which is so e ristructeaanaarranged" that the machine may be ii'see'ta aepiytne lining as heretofore done or apply aplur'alitylof linings with or without head bands. Reference iS tO be had to said patent 'for'a :u'u description of this machine, and the'varioiis constructional features and principles thereof may be employed in'lni'ymachine except modified in accordance with the following disensure; This invention may, however, bei'ncorpoiiated in otheitypsof machines to which it is applicable, 'as wnr bereadily understood.

" Y 'draw'ingsshow the constructional features of the machine" of said patent in the twelfth stationiwhere the paper lining is applied to the'deending back of the'book; and in these j draw- .Eig. l is a fragmentary side elevation of a portion of that station ofthe bookilining machine Which serves for the ap i at on of a raee lii iii to the book; 7

Fig. 2 Ba transverse section. throllgh the same portion of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a somewhat diagrammatic viewof the supports for the two paper strips, the head-bands andtheir supply rolls;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the paper feeding rolls and their actuating mechanism; t V

Fig. 5 is a perspective view oi the a$ mb ed lining strip formed of two pieces of paper and two head bands;

Fig. 6 is a detail showing the mechanism for applying glue to the back of the book; and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the glue roller and associated parts.

In this machine, the primary mechanism comprises an intermittently moved chain conveyer it: which has spring pressed clamping plates arranged to grip the books when automatically presented thereto from an elevator mechanism. The clamping plates hold the books with their backs projecting downwardly below the plates and freely exposed for the successive operations of applying the linings thereto. Adhesive may be applied to the back I4 of each book by means of rollers l and suitable associated mechanism, such as shown in Fig. '7 and crash or other suitable cloth may be applied to the backs of the books. The present invention pertains primarily to that portion of the machine which is shown in Figs. 33 to 41 of the patent.

At the station with which the present invention is concerned, the paper back lining is applied by an applicator mechanism comprising a reciprocating and vertically movable table (Figs. 1 and 2) supported on a body 2| having slideways which reciprocate on the stationary bar 22. This reciprocatory motion is effected by means of a link 24 pivotally connected to the table and in turn pivotally connected to a lever 25 which is pivoted at 26 on the base of the machine. An arm 21 of adjustable length connects an intermediate portion of the lever 25 to the upper end of a further lever 28 carried at its bottom on a fixed pivot pin 29. A cam roller 30 supported on an intermediate arm of the lever 28 rides in a cam slot 3| on the side of a positively rotated circular cam 32 suitably mounted on a shaft 33 carried in bearings on the machine. The cam groove 3| on the side of the cam wheel 32 is suitably shaped so as to reciprocate the head 20 from the position shown at the right in full lines (Fig. 2) to the position shown in dotted lines at the left side of the figure.

The table 20 is directly mounted on a vertically movable slide 36 carried in slideways 3'! which are fixed to the base portion 2| which slides on the bar 22, Vertical movement of the slide 36 is effected by means of a rocking arm 40 having a roller 4| on its end which is arranged to engage periodically the bottom 42 of a plate secured to the slide 36. The rockin lever 49 is pivoted on a pin 43 fixed on the base. Fixed to the lever 40 is a further lever arm 44 forming a bell crank therewith, and on the outer arm 44 is a roller 45 adapted to engage the under surface 42 of the vertical slide 36 when the latter has been moved to the left. These two arms 40 and 44 with their respective rollers are adapted to move the table 29 vertically in its two end positions when located properly for the purpose. The bell crank 49, 44 is rocked by means of the adjustable link or rod '36 pivoted at its lower end to a lever 41 mounted also on the pin 29. A cam roller 48 carried on an intermediate portion of the lever 41 rides in a suitably shaped cam slot 49 on a cam wheel 50 mounted on the shaft 33, as shown in Fig. 1.

A multiple liner strip of paper or cloth (Fig.

l), with or without tape head bands applied thereto, is suitably held on the traveling table 29, such as by means of air suction, and the strip is applied to the back portion of the book when the table 29 is Vertically elevated at its righthand position by the above described cam mechanism, so that the strip contacts with the glue applied by the roller |5 to the back of the book. This multiple strip may comprise a bottom layer 56 (Fig. 5) carrying a top layer 57 and two cloth head bands 58. It is formed in a branch line mechanism by continuously gluing together two long strips and continuously gluing tthe head bands thereon and then cutting the moving pieces into desired lengths.

The compound paper strip is fed forward by a pair of feed rollers 62 (Fig. 4) which are rotated intermittently by the oscillating gear segment 64. The shafts of the feed rollers have gears intermeshing with gears 65 (Fig. 1) which engage the gear 66 fastened on the end of the shaft 68. Loose on this shaft 68 is a gear 69 (Fig. 4) to which is attached a plate 10 bearing pawls II that engage a ratchet wheel 12 fastened to the shaft 68. The gear segment 64 has teeth 72 engaging and intermittently turning the gear 69. The segment 64 is loosely mounted on a shaft 13. On the segment is a pawl 14 that is normally held by a spring 15 in engagement with a shoulder 16 on a plate 18 fastened to the shaft 13. This plate has a stud 19 that engages with one edge of the segment. When the shaft 13 is oscillated, the pawl swings the segment in one direction and the stud swings the segment in the opposite direction The end of the shaft 13 has a rocker arm 86, (Fig. l) and adjustably connected with this arm is a link 8| which is jointed to a rocker arm 82 on a shaft 83. The arm 82 forms a bell crank with another arm 84, and the latter is provided with a roll 85 which engages a cam on the face of the disk 88 on the cam shaft 33. These parts, as more fully described in the patent, serve to rotate the feed rolls 62 periodically and to feed the glued parts forward to a cutter mechanism.

The cutter mechanism comprises a stationary cutter 92 (Fig. 1) and a vertically movable cutter 93. The latter is suitably mounted on a slide rod 94 connected by a link 95 with an arm 96 that rocks on a shaft 91. The arm 96 is connected to a rocker arm 98 which carries a roll 99 engaging the cam face I00 on the cam disk I 92 which is also mounted on and to revolve with the shaft 33. The cutter mechanism is coordinated with the other parts to out off a strip of the paper when the table 20 is ready to receive it. The mechanism insofar as described may be utilized for applying a single paper strip to the back of the book, but the construction as shown in the drawings is so arranged as to apply a multiple paper strip, with or without the head bands as will be described.

In accordance with this invention, I may apply to the back of the book a multiple strip of paper, cloth or other suitable material, made up of two or more separate sheets or layers. These strips are pasted together in a branch line mechanism before they are presented for gluing to the book; hence it is feasible to apply this multiple strip to the book in a single operation at the twelfth station of the machine. It is necessary that the glue be in a green or in a non-set condition when the strip is applied to the book, hence it is not feasible to glue together two pieces of paper or cloth in a previous operation and then store the same for use in this machine. On the contrary I glue two or more strips together and feed them directly and without delay into the back lining machine. Also, if head bands are to be applied to the book, these are likewise glued to the back r an ed o ee i ee' l n n lu t rior t9 the Qeereti n 9i sitt 9, 15

is r s itwidth leee P s n t o, the

main lin mechani m iq w miihshe thebeq essiii iin t a W meet s rips are Q s moro s/1. .on we a k vqt t e Peek altho h-e larger numb r 9. a d t er et ma e m be empl y f de red .twe s mz u ev Q Pew lflee H? i s lead. 32 ar u tabl m unted i or free rotation on the shafts I ;I3 and II ,4 re

ei ective I w veed bead ai 'tfbeme q ee t ese p perstrips ma h Tq h ame. Wi h str pe er be he used ve e substa all du ca ing. he assembly re ssetibd- Referr ng t i 1 end/ th 1W6) W191? tri stit h! t e e t 91 ledv we tim h eg rolls 115 we I! may be emittee attend es is in? u e a rq erwidth 2 Perl @3 4. h n it pe s idler sel fiie tween, a sewed i I I1 a d e 8 an a js er. 9 v 5 lee" i;tl imay have a .ce re a der ni l d w .iaee pr othe e i ed? shae "t r F mine l eq .dther sui dh ive and thi 9 is V w k M a siilpply roll I\I.9 which IZII of heated glue. Various dies e nt f' h 129 ioa tre tipeel erree feieen e m b u ed enem es the ue t e gave asse .eye t 2 I v th ew 55, II it receives an application l e H m t e e i I o H Ii-Immedi te y e eie h'rel Ill nd .siibst nt l y i pq s t e L th is a urthe f l 1. 2 betwe n him h P per nas eehe e 21. I" end lllt ey be ete s i vee by t e same jiv e meeee ise wi se men s! as abere'dee rib ueh s'b a 1? I23 connecting pulleys on their shafts,so that thes w l lse a d is drawi e ease" e qrw t the hee s i n ee ie Th u p 17 1 ma b mean 5 e i eble b e e whi h a .edii e by the, se s fty I?! 9? e he t- .epi'e er the silences 9f in u t at he P per ssl ehetebet e n is br ught unde suitable. p sentest 51 c mi ire h e v ably conducted to the" pressure teed "I I1 and I22 inposition above and in" contact i ii ftii y' i (1.? 21 "ietf it th all"? a been applied thereto. game, this upper strip is now ailixed to the ntralporti'on or'thee'ntire w th. 9 the ett r st?? by i lll t e b tween, and the pressure of the rolls III and I2 2 and of t heYolIsG'Z serves to force thesestrip's contact; If the head bands 58 are to be usedfthesfe are brought ifrom 'thes'up'ply" rolls "l2l5 suitaiily shaped and err'engedier the pur posel i fhese headbands trayel alon'g with the narrower sn per paper 51 each'side" "thereof jaiid ate simultaneously brought into engagement witiithe' glue onthelower'strip as: 'No' glue is to be a ppliedto the upperstrip of paper 51, since fhehe'e bandsar niounted f'dirctlyon the lower paper strip. After thestri'ps have been glued together, the assernbled strip'passes to the'knives 152 and g ii whlere theshortstrip 55 is out therefio'fh fend deposited nthe tabli o'when the lat is is {:1 the use hand position of sign; "Then the table moves to the right handposition and e1evstifiieebnteei with the wet glue on the back of the book and to which the strip adheres.

The gluing roll II8, as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 3, is slightly shorter than the widt of th'lower eepe'r'strisss'; so thatithe em'e as: plid'ithieto will not' iiten'd to the run width of theseperxtut'wm be forced laterally by the r ssure rolls and "be brought t0" substantially the'eiige of th paper. This'pie ezitstheeme from lapping'o'ver the edge and thus'gtting onto the under side where it can causcohsiderable tifoulilebwin g tdiit's gilmrhin'giip the cutting knives andthe'roll'rsas well as creating a bad appearance on'the back'of the book; Thescraper l26 shd wr1 "diagrammetieaily in 3, is'er resgea'teserase oif'b'oth the excess of glue'on t li e p eri ph erybf the 1'011 and all gliie on the sides "of "therollI "various other features of the ab v eritioried patent may be employed "different widths and lengths of fining'arid applying the seme't o the back ofthe 560k. l Tnegme "may be applied to the back of the book prvious'to the application of the assembled paper strio'by'ineahs of thefnechafiism aes nbea in 'saidpatent' and illustrated in 'Figsfii and '7' of the di awii'l g sl Ill this strllctl lre, the $11.16 i011 151 s mounted on a shaft I39 carried in'a yoke formed theendspfthetwoswinging ieverermsilsz I'42' are arr nged parallel with the" levers I32 and connected the'retoby two links 1'43 and I M and 'thefcar'ry'a 'train of 'gar's which" are suitably .power'driven andhrrariged'to rotate "the roll was it 're'ciprocates. A second caiiiyl'r ifi on the cam wheel I39 is mounted on a'lever I41 pivoted at I40 and connected by a link'l4'8 with the arm I44. The link I35 is connected to the levers I42. 'These parts are so arranged that the glue roll I5 is caused to traveiin'arectilinear path and to be rotated positively and to haveglu'e applied thereto as it travels across theback of the book. Other mechanical details may beincorporated in this construction.

The'operation of this machine will now be apparent in View of the above description. "The two separate pieces of paper or other suitable stripmate'rial are fed over the roller I I! a'nd'the glue is applied only to the lower Strip by'means of roller II8, after which theupper'strip andthe head bands, if used, are pressed into position against the lower strip; Then this multiple strip passes betweenthe cutting knives, and the narrow cut piece is deposited oh the top of the table 20 and moved to a position beneath the freshly glued back of the book 'andpressed upwardly thereagainst. The glue roll I5 traverses the back of the book just before the strip arrives. After this multiple" strip has been" applied, the book passes through a series of pressure rollers which roll the strip intopos'ition and other operations may then be performed, as desired;

By this meanSIIh'aVe made it possible to reinforce the back of aibookby One or more extra sheets of paper; cloth'o'r'bther material and the -adhesive located" ther'ebetwe'enf This is "done ing only one layer of paper thereto. This is done without interfering with any of the other steps or slowing down the operation of the machine or otherwise requiring changes therein. The mechanism employed is very simple in its operation but accomplishes a result heretofore unattained mechanically.

The same operative principles and mechanisms may be employed for gluing together two strips of cloth or pieces of cloth and paper and applying them to the back of the book at a single station, and the claims are to be interpreted accordingly. Although the strips 56 and 51 are of different widths when head bands are applied, it is to be appreciated that the strips ar of substantially the same widths as the length of the book back and that the under strip 56 is reinforced throughout practically its whole extent by the upper strip 51; hence the term multiple reinforced strip is .to be interpreted as applying to that type of construction whether or not the head bands are present. It is also to be understood that two strips of cloth may be glued together, and preferably with a strip of paper to hold the glue in place,

or a single strip of cloth and one or more strips of paper, with or without the head bands, may be assembled, and this multiple strip may be applied to the back of the book at any suitable station in the machine. In fact, this construction as above'described may be substituted for 4 the mechanism of the patent which serves to apply the two strips of cloth to the book, so that the machine may now be shortened and made more economically.

It will now be appreciated that various modifications may be made in the constructional features above set forth, and that the drawings and description thereof are to be interpreted as illustrating .the general principles of this invention and a preferred embodiment of construction and not as limiting to the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. A machine for lining the back of a book comprising a primary mechanism including a carrier for presenting books successively at a given station, means for applying a coating of adhesive on the back of each book, intermittently actuated applicator mechanism at said station for applying a strip to the adhesive coated surface and roller mechanism for subsequently pressing the strip into position, and a branch line mechanism coordinated with the primary mechanism for supplying intermittently a reinforced multiple strip to the applicator mechanism at said station comprising means providing supplies of continuous strips of different widths, one strip being substantially as wide as the length of the book back and a second strip being substantially as wide as the distance between the normal positions of head bands on the book, means for feeding the continuous strips forward into a superimposed contacting relationship with their center lines substantially in alignment and the wider strip provided with margins for head bands, means for feeding two head bands solely into contact with said margins and thereby forming a continuous multiple strip having a uniform number of layers throughout its width, means for applying a coating of adhesive so as to cause said continuous strips and bands to adhere when brought together, intermittently actuated cutter mechanism for severing the adhering continuous strips and bands and forming a series of separate reinforced multiple strips of substantially the area of the book back, and means for intermittently presenting the reinforced strips to the applicator mechanism for application of each to the adhesive coating on a book before the adhesives have set.

2. A machine for lining the back of a book having a primary mechanism comprising a carrier for presenting books successively at a given station, means for applying a coating of adhesive on the back of each book, intermittently actuated applicator mechanism at said station for applying a strip to the adhesive coated surface and roller mechanism for subsequently pressing the strip into position, and a branch line mechanism coordinated with the primary mechanism for supplying intermittently a reinforced multiple strip to said applicator mechanism at said station comprising means providing supplies of continuous strips, one being a wide strip substantially as wide as the length of the book back and a second strip being at least as wide as the distance between the normal positions of head bands on the book, means for feeding the strips forward into a superimposed contacting relation with their center lines substantially in alignment, means for feeding two head bands into position adjacent to the edges of one of the strips, means for initially applying a coating of adhesive so as to cause said strips and bands to adhere throughout their contacting faces, a roller for pressing the strips centrally together to form a continuous multiple layer strip, intermittently actuated cutter mechanism for severing the adhering continuous strips and bands and forming a series of separate reinforced multiple strips of substantially the area of the book back, and means for successively presenting said reinforced strip to the applicator mechanism for application of each to the coating on a book before the adhesives have set.

3. A machine for lining the back of a book comprising a primary mechanism including a carrier for presenting books successively at two separate stations, mechanisms for applying a coating of adhesive on the back of each book prior to its arrival at each station, and intermittently actuated applicator mechanisms at said stations for applying strips to the adhesive coated book surface, and two branch line mechanisms coordinated with said applicator mechanisms for supplying intermittently to each a reinforced multiple strip, each branch line mechanism comprising means providing supplies of continuous strips, at least one of which is substantially as wide as the length of the book back, means for applying a coating of adhesive to one of said strips for engagement with the other, means for feeding the strips into a superimposed adhering relationship and thereby forming a continuous multiple strip, intermittently actuated cutter mechanism for severing the adhering continuous strips, and coordinated mechanism for intermittently presenting the severed reinforced strip to the associated applicator mechanism, whereby the book back is first coated with adhesive, a reinforced multiple strip is applied thereto and then a coating of adhesive is applied to the exposed face of said strip and a second reinforced multiple strip is applied to the coated surface of the first mentioned strip.

JOHN S. CARLSON. 

